Traditionally, the time from December 25th, the Solemnity of Christmas and January 5th, was seen as the 12 days of Christmas. This is where the tradition of the 12 days of Christmas comes from, as well as Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night, because the night of the 5th marked the 12th and final night of Christmas. During this time, it was also common to go wassailing. The word wassail means “good health,” however, it also became a very common drink during the season, to the point that there would be fanfare and singing while serving this hot mulled alcoholic cider. The song became a carol known as “Here we come a-wassailing.”  

This fanfare and celebration would also lead to role reversal, whereby a peasant would become king and a king a peasant. If you ever read Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night you know that this is the theme of the play.

All of this would lead up to January 6th the typical day for the Solemnity of the Epiphany, which also came to be known as the Theophany or Three Kings Day and it was during this time that gifts were usually exchanged in imitation of the Magi bringing gifts to the child Jesus and, some would say, where the tradition of exchanging gifts during Christmas originated.

It was also customary to take down one’s decorations after The Epiphany, though, in the New Church calendar, Epiphany can be between Jan 2nd – Jan 8th and Ordinary Time does not begin until the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord, which we will celebrate next Sunday.

Given this, our celebration marks not just the end of Christmas but the beginning of Christ’s manifestation to the world. In fact, the word Epiphany simply means, “to make known,” “to manifest,” “to reveal.”

And, traditionally He revealed Himself to the world in three incredible ways, first by the Magi, then at His Baptism in the Jordan River then at His first miracle at The Wedding Feast of Cana.

But, this feast, in particular, celebrates both these three men, and the three gifts that they brought, gifts that symbolized who Christ was, why He was born and what He was to do for all of us.

In the words of Pope St. Leo the Great in his own Epiphany homily: “With gold they honour the Person of a King, with myrrh that of Man, with incense that of God.” Because, this child was not a typical child, in fact, no other was sought out with such diligence and purpose, no other brought such a great threat to King Herod, and no cosmic occurrence happened so strongly as with this child that lay in a manger, this is what those gifts remind us of.

Gold was used by kings and was always a sign of royalty, prestige and power. Incense, is a gum resin from dried tree sap and is native to Somalia. It was used by Moses to set before the tabernacle as an offering to God and, therefore, was considered to be holy to the Lord, to the point that any profane use, as cited elsewhere in the Book of Numbers, was forbidden. This is why, even today, it is used in churches and why it is seen as a symbol of our prayers rising to Heaven.

Myrrh is a brownish gum resin and native to East Africa and Arabia, it was used to embalm the dead, it was used by Moses to anoint the tabernacle and Nicodemus brought it Jesus to anoint His body after His death. It could also be ingested, which is why it was mixed with wine and offered to Jesus before He died on the cross.

And, with these gifts were three men, three men that were seen, by the early Church Fathers, as representatives of the three ages of man, because, accordingly, Caspar was young and beardless who brought frankincense, Melchior was older, white-haired and bearded, who brought gold and Balthasar was bearded and of African descent and, as it is said, in the prime of his life, who brought myrrh. Of course, many people speculate that there were more than three Magi, however, in Cologne, Germany there is a cathedral that contains the relics of the Magi, which was discovered in Persia by St. Helena, only for them to go from Constantinople to Cologne. It is said, that the trip to Cologne took place on three separate ships, hence the Christmas carol, “I Saw Three Ships.”

Yet, the greatest sign is the Star of Bethlehem. People have speculated it to be anything from a comet, to a supernova, to a conjunction of planets, and while no one but those who were there will know for sure, it is St. Augustine who puts it well, he says: “Christ was not born because the star was there; but the star was there because Christ was born.”


And, these Magi knew this, in fact, they were astrologers, those who would study the Heavens and sought to read signs in the sky and it was believed that there would always be a sign in the sky of a famous birth, like a king or queen. In fact, it was believed there was a sign for Moses as there was for other important people from the Bible as well.

This is why they embarked upon a long journey to see this king, a trip that many believe was much longer than one night, in fact, some believe that the Magi traveled between 1000-2000 miles. And, in doing so, were forced to leave behind their family and their friends and everyone they knew.

And, when those Magi came to adore Jesus, they didn’t just kneel, they prostrated themselves before Him, that is, they fell on their faces in humility, in trust and in worship. They knew that that tiny child was someone more than just another child, He was and is God made man, to whom our prayers rise, our King, who wears the crown of thorns adorned with the gold of His blood and our Savior, who though anointed for death became its conqueror.

This is why the miracle wasn’t the star, the angels, the gifts or even the manger, the miracle, indeed, was the child, and they knew that, which is why they stopped at nothing to follow that star, which is why all of creation, physical and spiritual responded to the birth of this child.

And, it was this simple, quiet star that led the way, a star that shows us how Christ is truly found, not in the big things, the extraordinary things, but the little things, the quiet things, the simple things of our ordinary lives. Where He can transform something as simple as a light in the sky and make it a spotlight to our Savior, or take bread and wine and make it God Himself. 

Therefore, like those Magi, let us seek Christ always, allowing Him to manifest Himself in our lives, especially in the Most Holy Eucharist which we will receive shortly, when the greatest epiphany will happen on that altar, when He will manifest Himself in our bodies and in our souls, where He will dwell in the manger of our hearts.
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In our Gospel today, Jesus places before us a great challenge, to be perfect as our heavenly Father is perfect, to seek what is seemingly impossible by loving not just those who love us back, but those who might very well hate us. Jesus is telling us to go beyond loving our neighbor and to love our very enemy as well.

What’s more is that it seems that He is telling us that in order to do this, we are, in his words to: “offer no resistance to one who is evil.” And, while it is true that Jesus always encourages the more non-violent approach, these three ways He gives us show a more creative way in which to deal with our enemy.

In fact, He challenges the very popular phrase at the time, “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” with the suggestion that we give the other cheek. While, at the outset it may not seem too different, this is actually a gesture of defiance, because in order for one to be hit on the right cheek it would have to be done with the back of the right hand.

In biblical understanding, this was symbolically how a master might strike a slave. Therefore, when Jesus says we are to give the other cheek, the left cheek, this is a symbolic gesture of one being equal with the attacker. This puts the attacker in an awkward position, in trying to strike a second time, and, in fact, is actually a non-violent way of standing one’s ground and of refusing to be further insulted.

The same thing is true when Jesus encourages the handing over of one’s cloak as well as their tunic. In biblical times, the Jewish people wore two principal garments, an interior garment and an exterior. The interior was a tunic, it covered the whole body and extended down to the knees. The second garment was called a "cloak," or a mantle.

It was typically the wealthy who would be able to have a cloak, and, in fact, one’s wealth was judged on how many garments they wore. If a poor person, however, had a cloak, it might be the only one they had, and it was common for them to use them as a bedcovering.

Now, in the Biblical times if a poor person borrowed money they would use those garments as collateral for a loan, and if the person was really poor, they would use their cloak. On cold nights, they would need something to cover themselves with, so there was a requirement that the garment had be returned to the poor person every night for warmth. However, he was also required to return the garment each morning until the loan was paid back.

If these requirements were not met by either the poor person borrowing the money or the one lending the money, there would be a lawsuit.

What Jesus is saying then is that by giving their cloak and their tunic, they are giving everything they own, even the clothes upon their back.

In Israel, shame comes upon the person not who is naked but upon the one viewing the nakedness, so the humiliation then is on the accuser.

Lastly, a Roman soldier was allowed to have a slave carry his pack for only one mile, anything beyond that puts the soldier in violation of military law. Jesus then is putting the burden or the punishment on the soldier not the one who is “going the extra mile.”

In each case, Jesus is showing creative ways in which to not give up our dignity as humans and as Christians, but to non-violently oppose our accuser.

This is the way He is saying we are to respond to our enemy, but He is still asking us to love them.

The question then, is how do we love our enemy? 

The typical response is that while we are obliged to love all, we don’t have to like them. That is, though we are not too fond of the person we wish them no harm or that nothing bad befall them.

And, while that is the general understanding of how it is we are to love our enemy, it still seems to fall short, because our enemy, no matter how much they hate us, is still a human being, our enemy is still one molded and shaped by the hand of God.

That is why Jesus shows us another way, by His example as he laid upon the Cross. Because, from the deepest recesses of His heart, He does not say: “Father, condemn them, let your wrath fall upon them,” or “strike them dead at this very moment,” no, His response is different, He says: “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.”

He takes the very epitome of evil, the worst that humankind is capable of and He asks for forgiveness, He asks for sanctification, He asks that the most evil action become transformed and blessed by the Father.

Jesus then shows us that, indeed, it is possible to love our enemy, when we love the person with God, that the only way to love our enemy is to pray for them, because prayer is the greatest form of love that any of us can offer. It puts us at the heart of bringing those whom we cannot find forgiveness for, those whom we may hate or who, in turn, may hate us, and turns it into good, by blessing it, by blessing us, by blessing them.

Because, no matter the evil that was done, no matter the hate that exists, prayer levels the playing field, placing both our enemy and ourselves before God, placing us in the very presence of Love. So that while we stand in His presence, it becomes merely impossible to not love even our very enemy.

That is what Jesus means when He says we are to be perfect as our heavenly Father is perfect, because perfect love can only exist within God Himself, and if we seek to bring ourselves before Him who is Love, standing side by side with our enemy, in the end, we will see it is not just our neighbor whom we are to love but even, and most especially, our enemy as well.

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Lord, if you will
Lord, if you will
The Will of God
The Will of God
I have had multiple requests to find a means of making my homilies accessible for others, so this is my first attempt at doing just that. I don't quite know how long I will keep this going nor if I will enjoy "blogging," but here goes.

I chose the title based on that beautiful Scripture passage where a leper approaches Jesus and says quite simply and humbly: "Lord, if you will, you can make me clean." A full abandonment to the Will of God, and in it, there is a combination of confidence and humility, of "self-emptying" and of filling up, as it were.

I believe that our life hinges on God's Will and the more perfectly conformed we are to His Will, the more ours and His become one, so that, in essence, we truly say "my will is His Will and His Will is mine."

That is the heart of what it means, in my opinion, to follow Christ, and since I believe God has gifted me with an ability to preach whether for better or worse, I will use this site to post those homilies.
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